THE AIM OF THIS PAPER IS TO REVIEW THE STANDARDS IN THE Blockchain Technology. IN THIS REGARD, SITUATION OF Blockchain STANDARDIZATION IN FOUR INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS INCLUDING ISO, W3C, ITU AND IEEE AS WELL AS NIST AND ECS ACTIVITIES WAS REVIEWED AND FOUND THAT DESPITE THE ONGOING EFFORTS OF THESE INSTITUTIONS, THERE IS NOT ANY APPROVED STANDARDS IN Blockchain DOMAIN. HOWEVER, THESE INSTITUTIONS DETERMINE SOME IMPORTANT ISSUES SUCH AS TERMINOLOGY, PLATFORM, ARCHITECTURE, SECURITY, INTEROPERABILITY, ETC. AND ARE DOING SOME PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES TO STANDARDIZE THE Blockchain.

In recent years, with the proliferation of IoT devices, edge computing has gained tremendous attention from academic and industry communities. Edge computing is an extension of cloud computing that allows IoT services to be run close to data sources at the edge of network. This characteristic fulfills the low latency requirements of IoT applications and leads to better use of available computing, storage and network resources. However, there are two main problems in this area: 1) The need for optimal edge resource allocation considering the large amount of data produced by IoT; and 2) The need for security and data integrity considering the data produced by various IoT device sources. For the first problem, applying load balancers to make the best use of fog resources could be the solution, and for the second problem, Blockchain as a basic cryptographic Technology is one of the solutions that has been increasingly considered recently. This new paradigm has key points such as security, privacy and scalability. In order to solve the mentioned problems, in this paper, a Blockchain-based load balancer is proposed. In the proposed method, Blockchain is used to confirm the integrity of data in edge computing and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimally allocate edge resources.

Blockchain Technology HAS ATTRACTED ATTENTION FROM THE INDUSTRY AND THE UNIVERSITY. THE Blockchain IS A PEER-TOPEER INFORMATION NETWORK. IN FACT, IT SHARES A FINANCIAL OFFICE SYSTEM AND IS A DECENTRALIZED COMPUTING MODEL WHICH MAINTAINS RECORDS OF DIGITAL TRANSACTIONS THROUGH DISTRIBUTED OFFICES OR RESOURCES AND REPLACES TRADITIONAL DATABASES CONTROLLED BY MEDIATORS SUCH AS BANKS AND GOVERNMENTS. THE CURRENT SUPPLY CHAIN IS A LINEAR ECONOMIC MODEL THAT MEETS THE SUPPLY NEEDS DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY. BUT THIS MODEL HAS PROBLEMS SUCH AS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SUPPLY CHAIN MEMBERS. THIS ARTICLE UNLOCKS THE MYSTIQUE OF Blockchain Technology AND DISCUSSES WAYS TO LEVERAGE Blockchain Technology TO ENHANCE SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE IN TIMES OF INCREASED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTY. WE EXAMINE HOW THE Blockchain Technology CAN BE EFFECTIVE IN SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AND, BY CREATING A ROTATING ECONOMY, SOLVES MANY DISADVANTAGES OF THE CURRENT SUPPLY CHAIN.